Deductive reasoning

Deductive reasoning, also known as deduction or top-down logic, is a type of reasoning process that derives the conclusion logically from the given premises. It is a fundamental method of reasoning in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises. In other words, if the premises are true, then the conclusion must also be true.

Overview

Deductive reasoning is a basic form of valid reasoning. It starts with a general statement or hypothesis, then examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion. The scientific method uses deduction to test hypotheses and theories.

Process

The process of deductive reasoning includes the following steps:

1. Start with a general statement or hypothesis.
2. Examine the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion.

Examples

Here are some examples of deductive reasoning:

1. All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
2. If a plant is a rose, then it has thorns. This plant is a rose. Therefore, this plant has thorns.

See also

• Inductive reasoning
• Abductive reasoning
• Logical reasoning
• Scientific method

References

Deductive reasoning Resources
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