Deletion (genetics)

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Genetic Deletions[edit | edit source]

Illustration of DNA replication, where deletion mutations can occur.

Overview[edit | edit source]

Genetic Deletions, also known as deletion mutations, deficiencies, or simply deletions, represent a type of mutation where a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is left out during DNA replication. This genetic aberration can have significant implications for an organism's genetic makeup and overall health.

Definition and Significance[edit | edit source]

A deletion is marked by the symbol "Δ" and can range from the loss of a single nucleotide to large segments of a chromosome. These mutations are critical in the study of genetics and molecular biology, as they can lead to various genetic disorders and diseases.

Types of Deletions[edit | edit source]

Deletions can be categorized based on their size and impact:

  1. Single Base Deletion: The smallest type, involving the loss of a single nucleotide.
  2. Multi-base Deletion: Involves the deletion of multiple nucleotides.
  3. Chromosomal Deletion: Large-scale deletions that involve significant portions of a chromosome.

Mechanisms of Deletion Formation[edit | edit source]

The formation of deletions can occur through several mechanisms:

  1. Single Base Flipping: Occurs when a base in the template DNA flips, followed by strand slippage within the DNA polymerase active site.
  2. Non-homologous End Joining: A repair mechanism that can lead to deletions if ends of DNA strands are incorrectly joined.
  3. Homologous Recombination: Can result in deletions if crossing over during meiosis is unequal.
Illustrative diagram showing a chromosomal deletion.

Consequences of Deletions[edit | edit source]

The impact of deletions can vary:

Detection and Analysis[edit | edit source]

Techniques used to detect deletions include:

External Links[edit | edit source]


Deletion (genetics) Resources

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