Dendrites

Dendrites are the branched projections of a neuron that act to propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project. They are one of the key functional units in the nervous system.

Structure

Dendrites are typically shorter than axons and are much more branched. They are often referred to as being 'tree-like', as their structure is similar to the branches of a tree. The dendrites of a neuron collectively form a large surface area that allows for the cell to receive signals from a large number of other neurons.

Function

The primary function of dendrites is to receive and integrate signals from other neurons. They do this by receiving chemical signals that are converted into small electric impulses, which are then sent to the soma of the neuron. The dendrites of a neuron can receive inputs from many thousands of other neurons, allowing for complex integration and processing of information.

Clinical significance

Dendrites play a crucial role in many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. In these conditions, the structure and function of dendrites can be significantly altered, leading to a range of symptoms.

See also

• Neuron
• Axon
• Nervous system
• Alzheimer's disease
• Parkinson's disease
• Schizophrenia

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