Orthognathic surgery

Orthognathic Surgery

Orthognathic surgery involves the surgical correction of jaw irregularities.

Orthognathic surgery, also known as corrective jaw surgery, is a type of surgery performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons to correct a wide range of minor and major skeletal and dental irregularities, including the misalignment of jaws and teeth. This surgery can improve chewing, speaking, and breathing. In many cases, an improved facial appearance can also result.

Indications

Orthognathic surgery is indicated for patients with:

• Malocclusion that cannot be corrected with orthodontics alone
• Sleep apnea
• Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ)
• Facial injuries or birth defects
• Receding or protruding jaw
• Difficulty chewing or swallowing
• Chronic jaw or jaw joint pain

Procedure

The procedure typically involves:

Pre-Surgical Orthodontics

Before surgery, patients usually undergo orthodontic treatment to align the teeth in a way that will fit together properly after the surgery. This phase can last 12 to 18 months.

Surgical Process

The surgery is performed under general anesthesia and can involve one or both jaws. The surgeon makes cuts in the jawbones and repositions them in the correct alignment. Plates, screws, wires, and rubber bands may be used to hold the jaws in their new position.

Post-Surgical Orthodontics

After the surgery, further orthodontic treatment is often necessary to fine-tune the alignment of the teeth. This phase can last 6 to 12 months.

Recovery

Recovery from orthognathic surgery can take several weeks. Patients may experience swelling, bruising, and discomfort, which can be managed with medication. A soft diet is recommended during the initial recovery period. Regular follow-up visits are necessary to monitor healing and progress.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgery, orthognathic surgery carries risks, including:

• Infection
• Bleeding
• Nerve injury
• Relapse of the jaw position
• Problems with bite alignment

Benefits

The benefits of orthognathic surgery can include:

• Improved bite and function
• Enhanced facial appearance
• Relief from jaw pain
• Improved breathing and speech

Related Pages

• Oral and maxillofacial surgery
• Orthodontics
• Temporomandibular joint disorder
• Sleep apnea