Desmotubule
Desmotubule[edit | edit source]
The desmotubule is a specialized structure found within the plasmodesmata of plant cells. It is a narrow tube of endoplasmic reticulum that runs through the center of the plasmodesma, connecting the endoplasmic reticulum of adjacent plant cells. The desmotubule plays a crucial role in the intercellular transport of molecules and communication between plant cells.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The desmotubule is a cylindrical structure that is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum of the connected cells. It is surrounded by a cytoplasmic sleeve, which is the space between the desmotubule and the plasma membrane lining the plasmodesma. This sleeve allows for the passage of small molecules and ions between cells.
The desmotubule itself is composed of tightly packed membranes, which are thought to be derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. The exact composition and structure of the desmotubule can vary between different types of plant cells and tissues.
Function[edit | edit source]
The primary function of the desmotubule is to facilitate communication and transport between plant cells. It allows for the direct transfer of endoplasmic reticulum-derived molecules and possibly proteins and lipids between cells. This direct connection is essential for maintaining the symplast, the interconnected cytoplasm of plant cells, which is crucial for the coordinated function of plant tissues.
The desmotubule also plays a role in the regulation of plasmodesmatal permeability. By altering its structure or the proteins associated with it, the desmotubule can influence the size exclusion limit of the plasmodesmata, thereby controlling what substances can pass through.
Importance in Plant Biology[edit | edit source]
Understanding the structure and function of the desmotubule is important for comprehending how plants coordinate growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli. The desmotubule, as part of the plasmodesmata, is involved in the transport of signaling molecules, nutrients, and other essential compounds that are necessary for plant survival and adaptation.
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