Dianthus

Dianthus alpinus Alpennelke Rax

Spring Flowers

Dianthus carthusianorum 160505

Starr 070730-7932 Dianthus caryophyllus

Dianthus caryophyllus0

Dianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly to Europe and Asia, with a few species extending south to north Africa, and one species (Dianthus repens) in arctic North America. Common names include carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), pink (Dianthus plumarius and related species) and sweet william (Dianthus barbatus). The name Dianthus is from the Greek words dios ("of Zeus") and anthos ("flower"), and was cited by the Greek botanist Theophrastus.

Description

Dianthus species are herbaceous perennial plants or annuals, with the majority being perennials. They have narrow, lanceolate leaves and often have a greyish-green to blue-green color. The flowers are typically pink, red, or white with notched petals, and are often fragrant. They are arranged in a dense cluster or solitary and have a distinctive frilled or serrated edge. Dianthus flowers are also known for their long-lasting qualities, making them popular in cut flower arrangements.

Cultivation and Uses

Dianthus plants are widely cultivated for their attractive and sweet-smelling flowers. They thrive in full sun and well-drained soil, and they are often used in borders, rock gardens, and as ground cover. The cultivation of Dianthus species varies with the type; while some prefer cooler climates, others are suited for warmer areas. They are also popular in container gardening and can be grown indoors with sufficient light.

In addition to ornamental uses, Dianthus flowers are edible and can be used in salads, as cake decorations, or to make a traditional French herbal tea called "tisane". Carnations, the most commercially important species, are extensively used in the floral industry for bouquets and arrangements.

Species

There are about 300 species of Dianthus. Some of the most well-known include:

• Dianthus caryophyllus – Carnation
• Dianthus plumarius – Common Pink
• Dianthus barbatus – Sweet William
• Dianthus deltoides – Maiden Pink

Conservation

While many Dianthus species are common and widely cultivated, some are rare and face threats from habitat loss and overcollection. Conservation efforts are in place for certain species to ensure their survival in the wild.

In Culture

Dianthus species have been revered in various cultures for centuries. Carnations, in particular, have symbolic meanings in many societies; they are traditionally worn on Mother's Day in some countries, and also have associations with labour movements and weddings. The symbolism of the carnation varies significantly with color, with red carnations often symbolizing love and white carnations symbolizing pure love or good luck.

Gallery

Note: As per the instructions, no placeholder images are included.

See Also

• Caryophyllaceae
• Perennial plant
• Annual plant
• Floriculture
• Ornamental plant