Diethylcarbamazine citrate

Diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) is a medication primarily known for its role in the treatment of parasitic worm infections. It is a synthetic organic compound, classified as a member of the piperazine chemical class. DEC is most commonly used in the treatment of filariasis, a group of tropical diseases caused by various thread-like parasitic round worms.

History

DEC was developed in the mid-20th century by the United States Army during a wide-ranging research program into anti-parasitic drugs. It was first used in humans in 1947 and has since become the drug of choice for the treatment of certain parasitic worm infections.

Medical uses

DEC is primarily used to treat filariasis, including lymphatic filariasis, loiasis, and tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. It is also used to treat a variety of other parasitic worm infections, including ascariasis, enterobiasis, and trichuriasis.

The drug works by immobilizing the microfilariae, which are then destroyed by the host's immune system. DEC is also believed to have an indirect effect on the adult worms, leading to their eventual death.

Side effects

Common side effects of DEC include nausea, vomiting, headache, and dizziness. More serious side effects can occur, including allergic reactions, seizures, and severe skin reactions.

Pharmacology

DEC is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is widely distributed throughout the body. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.

Society and culture

DEC is included in the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, indicating that it is one of the most important medications needed in a basic health system.

See also

• Piperazine
• Filariasis
• Parasitic worm

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