Dihydrokavain

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Dihydrokavain

Dihydrokavain is a kavalactone, a class of lactone compounds found in the kava plant. It is one of six major kavalactones, which are primarily responsible for the psychoactive and physiological effects of kava. Dihydrokavain is known for its anxiolytic and analgesic properties, and it contributes to the overall calming effect of kava.

Chemistry

Dihydrokavain is a chiral molecule, with two possible enantiomers due to its single stereogenic center. It is a member of the class of compounds known as benzodihydropyrans. Its chemical formula is C14H16O3.

Pharmacology

Dihydrokavain acts on the central nervous system, primarily affecting the GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptors. It is thought to enhance the effects of GABA, leading to an overall reduction in neuronal excitability. This results in the anxiolytic and sedative effects associated with kava.

Effects

The effects of dihydrokavain are primarily sedative and anxiolytic. It is known to induce a state of relaxation, without the loss of mental clarity. In higher doses, it can cause mild euphoria and alterations in perception.

Safety

While kava and its kavalactones, including dihydrokavain, have been used safely for centuries in traditional Pacific Island cultures, there are some concerns about potential liver toxicity with long-term use. However, these risks appear to be low and may be related to other factors such as alcohol consumption or the use of other medications.

See also

• Kava
• Kavalactone
• GABA