Dimethyl oxalate

Dimethyl Oxalate

Structure of Dimethyl Oxalate

Dimethyl oxalate is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H6O4. It is an ester of oxalic acid and is commonly used in various industrial applications. This article provides an overview of the properties, uses, and safety considerations associated with dimethyl oxalate.

Properties

Dimethyl oxalate appears as a colorless liquid with a fruity odor. It has a molecular weight of 118.09 g/mol and a boiling point of approximately 167 °C. The compound is soluble in water and many organic solvents.

Synthesis

Dimethyl oxalate can be synthesized through the esterification reaction between oxalic acid and methanol. This reaction is typically catalyzed by an acid, such as sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid. The reaction proceeds at elevated temperatures and is commonly carried out under reflux conditions.

Uses

Dimethyl oxalate finds applications in various industries due to its unique properties. Some of its major uses include:

1. Chemical Synthesis: Dimethyl oxalate is used as a reagent in organic synthesis, particularly in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. It can be used as a precursor for the synthesis of various compounds, including oxalic acid, oxalyl chloride, and glyoxylic acid.

2. Solvent: Dimethyl oxalate is a versatile solvent and can dissolve a wide range of organic compounds. It is commonly used as a solvent for cellulose derivatives, resins, and polymers.

3. Fuel Additive: Dimethyl oxalate is used as a fuel additive in some industries. It acts as a combustion enhancer and can improve the performance of certain fuels.

Safety Considerations

Dimethyl oxalate should be handled with care due to its potential hazards. It is considered toxic if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Direct contact with the compound can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. It is important to use appropriate protective measures, such as gloves, goggles, and a respirator, when working with dimethyl oxalate.

See Also

• Oxalic Acid
• Esterification
• Organic Synthesis