Dimethyl sulfoxide

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a chemical compound with the formula (CH3)2SO. It is a colorless liquid that is a vital solvent in the chemical industry. DMSO is miscible with many organic solvents and water.

History

Dimethyl sulfoxide was first synthesized in 1866 by the Russian scientist Alexander Zaytsev. However, its potential as a solvent was not recognized until the mid-20th century.

Properties

DMSO is a polar aprotic solvent that can dissolve a wide range of polar and nonpolar compounds. It has a high boiling point of 189 °C and a freezing point of 18.5 °C. DMSO also has the unusual property of being able to penetrate the skin, and can carry other compounds with it into the body.

Uses

DMSO is used in a variety of applications. It is a common solvent for chemical reactions, and is also used in the manufacturing of some types of plastic. In medicine, DMSO is used as a topical analgesic, a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals, and as an anti-inflammatory and an antioxidant.

Safety

While DMSO is generally considered safe for use in many applications, it can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions. It can also be dangerous if ingested or inhaled in large quantities.

See also

• Solvent
• Chemical compound
• Medicine