Divan (furniture)

FrancisLevettLiotard

Divan is a piece of furniture that originated in the Middle East, particularly within the Ottoman Empire, but has since become popular worldwide. Traditionally, a divan was a long, low, and cushioned seat without back or arms, often placed against a wall with cushions to lean against. Over time, the term has evolved and can now refer to various types of furniture, including sofas and couches, often with a mattress-like seat that can double as a bed.

History

The word divan comes from the Persian word devan, meaning a council chamber or meeting place. In its original context, a divan was a place for seating officials and guests in the royal courts or houses of the Middle East. The concept of the divan as a piece of furniture entered European languages and homes through the Ottoman Empire's influence in the 18th century. It became a fashionable item in European salons, where it was used for seating guests in a more relaxed, informal setting.

Design and Use

Modern divans have a variety of designs, ranging from the traditional Middle Eastern style, which is still used in many homes for its aesthetic and cultural value, to more Westernized versions that resemble standard sofas or daybeds. Some divans are designed to serve dual purposes, functioning as both seating and sleeping areas. This versatility makes them popular choices for guest rooms or small living spaces.

A typical divan has a wooden frame covered in padding and then upholstered in fabric or leather. The lack of a back and arms in traditional designs is what sets the divan apart from other types of sofas and couches. However, contemporary designs may include these features, blurring the lines between divans and other seating furniture.

Types of Divans

There are several types of divans, including:

• Traditional Divans: These are closest to the original Middle Eastern design, often placed against a wall with cushions for support.
• Divan Beds: These combine the functions of a bed and a sofa, often featuring a pull-out mattress beneath the seating area.
• Storage Divans: A modern innovation, these have built-in storage space beneath the seating area, making them practical for small spaces.

Cultural Significance

In many cultures, especially in the Middle East and South Asia, divans are more than just pieces of furniture. They are integral to the social fabric, serving as places for communal gatherings, relaxation, and conversation. The design and decoration of a divan can also reflect cultural values and artistic traditions.

In Modern Interiors

Today, divans are found in a wide range of settings, from casual family rooms to more formal living spaces. Their versatility and comfort make them a popular choice for many homeowners. Interior designers often use divans to add a touch of elegance or to maximize seating in smaller spaces.

See Also

• Sofa
• Couch
• Ottoman Empire
• Furniture design