Dolutegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide

Dolutegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (also known as DTG/FTC/TAF) is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It combines three active pharmaceutical ingredients: Dolutegravir, a second-generation integrase inhibitor; Emtricitabine, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI); and Tenofovir Alafenamide, a prodrug of tenofovir, also an NRTI.

Pharmacology

The combination of these three drugs works synergistically to inhibit the replication of the HIV virus. Dolutegravir inhibits the viral enzyme integrase, preventing the integration of the viral genome into the host cell. Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide both inhibit the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is necessary for the virus to replicate its RNA into DNA.

Clinical Use

DTG/FTC/TAF is used as a first-line treatment for adults and adolescents with HIV-1 infection. It is also used in certain pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimens to prevent HIV infection in individuals at high risk.

Side Effects

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and headache. Serious side effects may include liver problems, kidney problems, and bone loss.

History

DTG/FTC/TAF was approved for medical use in the United States in 2019. It is marketed under the brand name Biktarvy by Gilead Sciences.

See Also

• Antiretroviral therapy
• HIV/AIDS
• Pharmacology of HIV/AIDS

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