Domperidon

Domperidon

Domperidone is a peripheral dopamine antagonist that is used as an antiemetic, gastroprokinetic agent, and galactagogue. It is not currently approved for use in the United States, but is available in other countries, including Canada and the United Kingdom.

Pharmacology

Domperidone works by blocking dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the brain, which is located outside the blood-brain barrier. This action prevents dopamine from binding to its receptors and triggering the vomiting reflex. Domperidone does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier and therefore has fewer central nervous system effects and less risk of extrapyramidal side effects compared to metoclopramide.

Clinical uses

Domperidone is used to treat nausea and vomiting that may be caused by medications or conditions such as Parkinson's disease or migraine. It is also used to treat gastroparesis (delayed stomach emptying) and to increase milk production in breastfeeding women.

Side effects

The most common side effects of domperidone include dry mouth, headache, and abdominal pain. Rare but serious side effects include cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Because of these risks, domperidone is not recommended for use in patients with underlying cardiac conditions.

Regulatory status

Domperidone is not approved for use in the United States due to concerns about cardiac side effects. However, it is available in other countries, including Canada and the United Kingdom, where it is used under close medical supervision.

See also

• Dopamine antagonist
• Antiemetic
• Gastroprokinetic agent
• Galactagogue