Domus

Domus is a type of house occupied by the upper classes and some wealthy freedmen during the Republican and Imperial eras in Ancient Rome. It comes from the Ancient Greek word domi meaning structure since it was the standard type of housing in Ancient Rome.

History

The Domus evolved over time from the early structures of the Roman Kingdom to the final form in the 3rd century AD. The domus included multiple rooms, indoor courtyards, gardens and beautifully painted walls that were elaborately laid out. The Villa was another type of housing available to the rich and powerful who would own them in the city and also in the country.

Architecture

The architecture of a Domus was designed for the comfort and convenience of its inhabitants. The entrance, known as Vestibulum, led into a large hall or Atrium, which was the main room of the domus. It was used for dining, receptions, and as a statement of the wealth and power of the owner. The Cubiculum was the sleeping quarters and the Tablinum was the office or study. The Triclinium was the dining room and the Culina was the kitchen.

Social Significance

The Domus was more than just a place to live. It was a statement of social status and wealth. The size, location, and decoration of a domus were all indicators of the owner's social status. The domus was also a place for business and political dealings.

See Also

• Insula (building)
• Villa
• Roman architecture

References

Domus Resources
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