Droplets

Droplets are small particles of liquid that are expelled from an infected person's mouth or nose when they cough, sneeze, or talk. They can carry pathogens, including viruses and bacteria, which can cause diseases such as influenza, COVID-19, and tuberculosis.

Transmission

Droplets are a common mode of transmission for many infectious diseases. When an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, they can expel droplets containing pathogens. These droplets can then be inhaled by another person, potentially leading to infection.

Droplet transmission can occur over short distances, typically less than 1 meter. This is because droplets are relatively large and tend to settle out of the air quickly. However, some diseases can also be transmitted via airborne transmission, where smaller droplets or particles can remain suspended in the air for longer periods and can be inhaled over greater distances.

Prevention

Preventing droplet transmission is a key component of infection control. Measures to prevent droplet transmission include:

• Hand hygiene: Regular hand washing with soap and water, or using an alcohol-based hand rub, can help to remove pathogens and prevent their spread.
• Respiratory hygiene: Covering the mouth and nose with a tissue or the elbow when coughing or sneezing can help to prevent the spread of droplets.
• Personal protective equipment (PPE): Healthcare workers and others who may come into close contact with infected individuals may wear PPE, such as masks and eye protection, to protect against droplet transmission.
• Social distancing: Keeping a distance of at least 1 meter from others can help to reduce the risk of droplet transmission.

See also

• Airborne transmission
• Fomite transmission
• Vector-borne disease

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