Dry Cleaning

Dry Cleaning is a process of cleaning clothes and textiles using a chemical solvent other than water. This method is used to clean fabrics that degrade in water, and delicate fabrics that cannot withstand the rough and tumble of a washing machine and clothes dryer. It can eliminate labor-intensive hand washing.

Process

The process of dry cleaning involves the use of solvents to remove soil and stains from fabric. A chemical solvent (other than water) is used to clean clothes. The most commonly used solvent is perchloroethylene (commonly known as "perc"). The process begins with the pre-treatment of spots and stains using special cleaning agents. The garments are then loaded into a machine resembling a large washing machine.

Solvents Used

The most commonly used solvent in dry cleaning is perchloroethylene, which is a colorless, nonflammable liquid. Other solvents include 1-bromopropane and petroleum spirits.

Environmental Impact

Dry cleaning has been known to have environmental impacts. Perchloroethylene is classified as a hazardous air contaminant and a potential human carcinogen. Many dry cleaners have installed equipment to reduce perchloroethylene emissions.

Health Risks

Exposure to high concentrations of perchloroethylene can cause dizziness, headache, sleepiness, confusion, nausea, difficulty in speaking and walking, unconsciousness, and death. Long-term exposure can lead to liver and kidney damage.

Alternatives

Some alternatives to traditional dry cleaning include "green" dry cleaning using CO2 or water as a solvent, and home dry cleaning kits.

See Also

• Laundry
• Textile conservation
• Environmental impact of cleaning agents

References

Dry Cleaning Resources
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