Durio kinabaluensis

Durio kinabaluensis is a species of tree in the Malvaceae family, which is part of the Durio genus, known for including the widely known and economically significant Durian fruit. This particular species, however, is less well-known and is endemic to Borneo, specifically within the Kinabalu Park area, hence its name. Durio kinabaluensis is one of the many species contributing to the rich biodiversity of the region and is of particular interest to botanists and conservationists due to its limited distribution and potential vulnerability.

Description

Durio kinabaluensis is a tropical tree that can reach up to 50 meters in height. It has a straight trunk with a smooth bark. The leaves of the tree are elliptical, with a shiny, dark green appearance on the upper surface and a lighter green on the underside. Like other members of the Durio genus, Durio kinabaluensis produces large fruits covered in spines. However, the fruits of this species are smaller compared to the common durian (Durio zibethinus) and are not widely known for their edibility or commercial value.

Habitat and Distribution

Durio kinabaluensis is found exclusively in the forests of Kinabalu Park in Sabah, Malaysia, on the island of Borneo. The species prefers elevations of 700 to 1,200 meters above sea level. Its habitat is characterized by high humidity and rich, volcanic soil, which are conditions favorable for many unique plant species. The limited distribution of Durio kinabaluensis makes it particularly susceptible to habitat disturbance and the effects of climate change.

Conservation Status

The conservation status of Durio kinabaluensis has not been formally assessed for the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. However, given its narrow range and the ongoing threats to Bornean forests from logging, agricultural expansion, and climate change, it is likely that the species could be at risk. Conservation efforts in Kinabalu Park and surrounding areas are crucial for the preservation of this and other endemic species.

Ecological Role

The ecological role of Durio kinabaluensis, like many other fruit-bearing trees in tropical forests, includes providing food for a variety of wildlife. The fruits are likely consumed by various mammals and birds, which in turn help in seed dispersal. This interaction highlights the importance of Durio kinabaluensis in its ecosystem, contributing to the biodiversity and health of the forest.

Research and Interest

Durio kinabaluensis has been the subject of botanical research, primarily focused on its taxonomy, distribution, and ecological role within the forest ecosystem. Its relationship to other Durio species is also of interest, particularly in understanding the evolution and diversification of the genus. However, research is limited, and further studies are necessary to fully understand its ecology, potential uses, and conservation needs.