EPOCH

Overview

EPHB6 is a member of the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. These receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, are crucial for numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system and in the formation of the vascular system. EPHB6 is unique among the Eph receptors because it lacks kinase activity, which suggests it may have distinct roles compared to other family members.

Structure

EPHB6 is a transmembrane protein that consists of an extracellular region, a single transmembrane segment, and a cytoplasmic domain. The extracellular region contains a ligand-binding domain, a cysteine-rich domain, and two fibronectin type III repeats. The cytoplasmic domain is atypical because it lacks the kinase activity that is characteristic of other Eph receptors.

Function

EPHB6 plays a role in cell adhesion and migration, which are critical processes in embryonic development and tissue organization. It is involved in the regulation of cell shape and movement, and it can influence the behavior of cells by interacting with other Eph receptors and ephrins. Despite its lack of kinase activity, EPHB6 can modulate signaling pathways by forming complexes with other kinases or by acting as a dominant-negative receptor.

Expression

EPHB6 is expressed in various tissues, including the thymus, brain, and certain epithelial tissues. Its expression is tightly regulated during development and can be altered in certain pathological conditions, such as cancer.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in EPHB6 expression have been associated with several types of cancer, including breast cancer and melanoma. In some cancers, EPHB6 expression is reduced, which may contribute to increased tumor invasiveness and metastasis. Understanding the role of EPHB6 in cancer could lead to new therapeutic strategies.

Research

Current research on EPHB6 focuses on its role in cancer biology, its potential as a therapeutic target, and its interactions with other proteins in signaling pathways. Studies are also exploring the role of EPHB6 in immune system function and its potential involvement in neurological disorders.

Also see

• Ephrin receptor
• Ephrin
• Protein-tyrosine kinase
• Cell adhesion
• Cancer biology