Education in Somalia

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Hammar Jab Jab School

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Mogadishu university

Education in Somalia has undergone significant changes over the years, with various efforts aimed at increasing access to education for its population. The education system in Somalia is governed by the federal government's Ministry of Education, Culture, and Higher Education, which is responsible for policy formulation, quality assurance, and the overall supervision of the education sector.

History

The history of Education in Somalia dates back to the pre-colonial period when traditional Islamic education was prevalent. During the colonial era, the education system was influenced by the colonial powers, with the British and Italians establishing formal schools in their respective territories. After gaining independence in 1960, the Somali government embarked on an ambitious program to expand education access, which included the development of a national curriculum and the Somali language script in 1972.

Education System

The Education system in Somalia is structured into four main levels: pre-primary, primary, secondary, and tertiary education.

Pre-primary Education

Pre-primary education in Somalia caters to children aged between 3 and 6 years. This level is not widely available and is mostly offered in urban areas.

Primary Education

Primary education lasts for eight years, targeting children aged 6 to 14 years. It is designed to provide basic education and foundational skills.

Secondary Education

Secondary education follows primary education and is divided into two cycles: four years of lower secondary and two years of upper secondary education. Students who complete secondary education can sit for national examinations to qualify for tertiary education.

Tertiary Education

Tertiary education in Somalia includes universities, colleges, and technical institutes. It has been expanding, with several institutions being established across the country.

Challenges

The education sector in Somalia faces numerous challenges, including limited access to education in rural areas, lack of qualified teachers, and inadequate infrastructure. The situation is further exacerbated by political instability and security issues.

Recent Developments

In recent years, there have been efforts to rebuild and reform the education system in Somalia. These include the development of a new education policy, curriculum reforms, and the reconstruction of educational facilities. International organizations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have also played a significant role in supporting education in Somalia.

Conclusion

Education in Somalia is on a path of recovery and development after years of instability. While challenges remain, the commitment of the Somali government and the support of the international community are crucial for the continued improvement of the education sector.

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