Edward

Edward Syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of an extra 18th chromosome. It is also known as Trisomy 18. The syndrome is named after the British geneticist, John Hilton Edwards, who first described it in 1960.

Symptoms and Signs

Edward Syndrome is associated with a wide range of symptoms and physical abnormalities. Many individuals with Edward Syndrome have growth deficiencies and mental retardation. Other common features include a small head size; a small jaw; a narrow, high-roofed mouth; a short neck; and clenched fists with overlapping fingers.

Causes

Edward Syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra 18th chromosome. Normally, each cell in the body contains 23 pairs of chromosomes. In people with Edward Syndrome, each cell has three copies of chromosome 18 instead of the usual two. This is known as trisomy.

Diagnosis

Edward Syndrome can be diagnosed before birth through prenatal testing. This can include amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. After birth, a diagnosis can be confirmed through a blood test that examines the child's chromosomes.

Treatment

There is no cure for Edward Syndrome. Treatment is supportive and depends on the specific symptoms and severity in each person. This can include physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. Some individuals may require surgery to correct physical abnormalities.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Edward Syndrome is generally poor. Many infants with the condition do not survive past the first year of life. However, some individuals with less severe forms of the condition have lived into adolescence and adulthood.

See Also

• Genetic disorders
• Chromosomal abnormalities
• Trisomy

References

Edward Resources
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