Edward Albert Koch

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Edward Albert Koch (December 12, 1924 – February 1, 2013) was an American lawyer, politician, political commentator, and television personality who served as the 105th Mayor of New York City from 1978 to 1989. A member of the Democratic Party, Koch was a United States Congressman from New York from 1969 to 1977 before being elected as mayor. His tenure as mayor was marked by his efforts to combat the city's fiscal crisis during the late 1970s and early 1980s, as well as his outspoken and charismatic personality.

Early Life and Education

Edward Koch was born in the Bronx, New York City, to Jewish immigrants from Poland. He grew up in Newark, New Jersey, where he attended South Side High School. After high school, Koch was drafted into the United States Army during World War II, where he served as an infantryman in Europe. Following the war, he attended City College of New York, graduating with a B.A. in 1945. He then went on to receive his law degree from New York University School of Law in 1948.

Political Career

Koch's political career began in the 1960s when he became involved in Democratic Party politics in Greenwich Village, New York. He was first elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1968, representing New York's 17th congressional district. During his tenure in Congress, Koch was known for his liberal views, particularly on social issues, and his advocacy for New York City.

In 1977, Koch ran for Mayor of New York City, winning the election and taking office in January 1978. His mayoralty was primarily focused on addressing the city's severe fiscal crisis. He implemented budgetary reforms, improved the city's credit rating, and was credited with restoring New York's financial health. Koch was known for his candid and often controversial remarks, which made him a well-known figure both in New York and nationally. He was re-elected in 1981 and 1985 but lost the Democratic primary in 1989 to David Dinkins.

Later Life and Legacy

After leaving office, Koch returned to practicing law, became a political commentator, and made frequent appearances on television. He also wrote several books, including memoirs and political commentary. Koch remained active in political and civic life until his death in 2013.

Koch's legacy as mayor is mixed. He is credited with helping New York City to avoid bankruptcy and initiating improvements in its infrastructure and housing. However, his administration was also criticized for its handling of the AIDS crisis and for exacerbating racial tensions in the city.

Death

Edward Koch died on February 1, 2013, of congestive heart failure. He was 88 years old. His tombstone is inscribed with the words "My father is Jewish, my mother is Jewish, I am Jewish," a tribute to Daniel Pearl, the journalist who was killed by terrorists in 2002, and reflects Koch's strong connection to his Jewish heritage.