Elephantopus scaber

Elephantopus scaber in Narshapur forest, AP W2 IMG 0829

Elephantopus scaber is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family, commonly known as devil's weed, prickly-leaved elephant's foot, and hardheads. This perennial herb is native to tropical regions of Asia and Africa, but it has been introduced to other tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. It is known for its medicinal properties and is used in traditional medicine systems across its native and introduced range.

Description

Elephantopus scaber grows as a robust, erect herb reaching heights of up to 60 cm. The plant's leaves are arranged in a basal rosette, with the upper leaves being smaller and sessile. The leaves are broadly lanceolate, with serrate margins and a rough surface, giving the plant its common name "scaber" which means "rough" in Latin. The flowers are small, tubular, and grouped in dense, globular heads surrounded by bracts, resembling a single flower. These heads are borne on a long peduncle. The flowers are typically purple or pink, blooming from late summer to fall.

Habitat and Distribution

Elephantopus scaber is adapted to a wide range of habitats, from open grasslands and fields to forest edges and clearings. It prefers well-drained soils and can be found at elevations up to 1500 meters. Originally from the tropical regions of Asia and Africa, its presence has expanded to the Americas and Australia, often considered an invasive species in areas outside its native range.

Medicinal Uses

Traditionally, Elephantopus scaber has been used in various folk medicine systems for its purported health benefits. It is believed to have diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. The leaves and roots are the most commonly used parts of the plant, prepared as decoctions or infusions to treat a variety of ailments such as fever, coughs, and gastrointestinal issues. Recent pharmacological studies have focused on its potential anti-cancer and anti-microbial activities, although more research is needed to fully understand its efficacy and mechanisms of action.

Conservation Status

While Elephantopus scaber is widespread and not currently considered at risk of extinction, its habitat is threatened by agricultural expansion, deforestation, and urbanization. Conservation efforts are focused on habitat preservation and sustainable harvesting practices to ensure its availability for future generations.

Cultural Significance

In addition to its medicinal uses, Elephantopus scaber is also used in some cultures for religious ceremonies and as a food source. The young leaves can be consumed as a vegetable, adding a nutritious component to local diets.

See Also

• Asteraceae
• Medicinal plants
• Invasive species