Empire State Building

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Empire State Building

The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Designed by Shreve, Lamb & Harmon and completed in 1931, the building has a roof height of 1,250 feet (380 m) and stands a total of 1,454 feet (443.2 m) tall, including its antenna. Its name is derived from "Empire State", the nickname of the state of New York. The Empire State Building was the tallest building in the world upon its completion and held that title for nearly 40 years until the completion of the North Tower of the World Trade Center in 1970. It is currently the fifth-tallest completed skyscraper in the United States and the 28th-tallest in the world.

History

The site of the Empire State Building was first developed as the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in 1893. After the hotel moved to a new location, the Empire State Building was planned as a project to symbolize America's economic power. The construction of the building was part of an intense competition in New York for the title of "world's tallest building". It was designed in the distinct Art Deco style, which was popular at the time.

Construction began on March 17, 1930, and was completed in record time on April 11, 1931, taking just over a year to build. This was made possible by the coordinated efforts of the project's contractors, Starrett Brothers and Eken, who employed a workforce of 3,400 men. The building was officially opened on May 1, 1931, by President Herbert Hoover, who turned on the building's lights with the push of a button from Washington, D.C.

Design and Features

The Empire State Building's Art Deco design is one of its most striking features, characterized by its geometric decorative elements, tiered construction, and a steel frame that was innovative for its time. The building's facade is clad in Indiana limestone and granite, with aluminum and stainless steel used in its upper stories and spire. The lobby is an opulent example of Art Deco design, with marble finishes, ornate decorations, and an elaborate mural on the ceiling.

The building's observation decks on the 86th and 102nd floors offer panoramic views of New York City and are among the most famous tourist attractions in the city. The 86th floor deck is open-air, while the 102nd floor is enclosed.

Cultural Impact

The Empire State Building has played a significant role in American culture and has been featured in over 250 films and television shows. It is perhaps most famously depicted in the 1933 film "King Kong", where the titular character climbs the building. The building has also been involved in various lighting ceremonies, where its tower lights are changed to recognize various occasions and organizations.

Sustainability Efforts

In recent years, the Empire State Building has undergone renovations to improve its energy efficiency and environmental impact. These efforts have included the installation of insulated windows, LED lighting, and a state-of-the-art building management system. As a result, the building has received a LEED Gold certification for its sustainability efforts.

See Also

• List of tallest buildings in New York City
• Art Deco
• Skyscraper