Encoder

Encoder An encoder is a device, circuit, transducer, software program, algorithm, or person that converts information from one format or code to another, typically for the purposes of standardization, speed, secrecy, security, or saving space by shrinking size. Encoders are used in a wide variety of applications, including telecommunications, data storage, data compression, and signal processing.

Types of Encoders

Encoders can be broadly classified into several types based on their function and application:

Rotary Encoders

A rotary encoder is an electromechanical device that converts the angular position or motion of a shaft or axle to an analog or digital code. There are two main types of rotary encoders:

• Incremental encoder
• Absolute encoder

Linear Encoders

A linear encoder is a sensor, transducer, or readhead paired with a scale that encodes position. The encoder reads the scale in order to convert the encoded position into an analog or digital signal, which can then be decoded into position by a digital readout (DRO) or motion controller.

Optical Encoders

An optical encoder uses a light source, a photodetector, and a code disk to convert the angular position of a shaft into an electrical signal. Optical encoders are known for their high resolution and accuracy.

Magnetic Encoders

A magnetic encoder uses magnetic fields to determine the position of a rotating or linear object. These encoders are robust and can operate in harsh environments where optical encoders might fail.

Mechanical Encoders

A mechanical encoder uses physical contact to determine the position of a rotating or linear object. These encoders are typically used in applications where cost is a critical factor.

Applications

Encoders are used in a variety of applications, including:

• Robotics
• Industrial automation
• Consumer electronics
• Medical devices
• Automotive industry

Related Pages

• Decoder
• Transducer
• Signal processing
• Data compression
• Telecommunications
• Data storage