Endodermis
Endodermis is the innermost layer of cells in the cortex of a plant root. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of nutrient and water uptake in plants. The endodermis is a single layer of cells that separates the cortex from the pericycle and the vascular tissue in the root of a plant.
Function[edit | edit source]
The primary function of the endodermis is to regulate the flow of water, ions and hormones into and out of the xylem and phloem. This is achieved through a band of suberin, known as the Casparian strip, which is present in the radial and transverse walls of the endodermal cells. The Casparian strip acts as a barrier to apoplastic flow of water and solutes, forcing them to cross the plasma membrane of endodermal cells, where they can be selectively regulated.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The endodermis is a single layer of cells that separates the cortex from the pericycle and the vascular tissue in the root of a plant. The cells of the endodermis are closely packed, with no intercellular spaces, and they are characterized by the presence of the Casparian strip in their walls.
Development[edit | edit source]
The endodermis originates from the ground meristem, which is one of the primary meristems in a plant. The cells of the endodermis undergo differentiation to develop the Casparian strip, which is a band of suberin in the radial and transverse walls of the endodermal cells.
Role in Plant Health[edit | edit source]
The endodermis plays a crucial role in plant health by regulating the uptake of nutrients and water, and by preventing the entry of pathogens into the vascular system of the plant. It also plays a role in the regulation of plant growth hormones, such as auxin, which are transported in the xylem and phloem.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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