Enteral nutrition

Enteral Nutrition is a method of feeding that uses the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to deliver part or all of a person's caloric requirements. It can include a normal oral diet, the use of liquid supplements or delivery of part or all of the daily requirements by use of a tube (Tube feeding).

Overview

Enteral nutrition is often used when a patient has a functioning GI tract but cannot ingest enough nutrients orally. This can be due to conditions such as cancer, neurological disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, or physical trauma.

Types of Enteral Nutrition

There are several types of enteral nutrition, including:

• Oral Nutrition Supplements: These are often used for patients who can eat but are unable to meet their nutritional needs through regular food. Supplements can come in the form of drinks, puddings, or bars.

• Tube Feeding: This method is used when a patient cannot eat enough food orally. A tube is placed in the stomach or small intestine to deliver nutrients directly.

Indications

Enteral nutrition is indicated for patients who have a functioning GI tract but cannot ingest enough nutrients orally. This can be due to conditions such as:

• Cancer
• Neurological disorders
• Gastrointestinal disorders
• Physical trauma

Complications

While enteral nutrition is generally safe, complications can occur. These can include:

• Gastrointestinal complications such as diarrhea, constipation, and bloating
• Metabolic complications such as electrolyte imbalances and hyperglycemia
• Mechanical complications such as tube dislodgement or blockage

See Also

• Parenteral nutrition
• Malnutrition
• Nutrition assessment

References

Enteral nutrition Resources
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