Erector spinae

Erector Spinae is a group of muscles and tendons which run more or less the length of the spine on the left and the right, from the sacrum or sacral region (the lower back) up to the base of the skull. This group of muscles is responsible for the extension of the vertebral column and for lateral flexion and rotation of the spine.

Anatomy

The Erector Spinae is not just one muscle, but a group of muscles and tendons which are paired and run more or less the length of the spine on the left and the right, from the sacral region (the lower back) up to the base of the skull. These muscles lie in the groove on the side of the vertebral column.

The erector spinae is covered in the lumbar and thoracic regions (lower and mid back) by the thoracolumbar fascia, and in the cervical region (neck) by the nuchal ligament. This group of muscles gradually narrows as it ascends to be a small tendon at its insertion at the skull.

The erector spinae is divided into three different muscles. These are:

• Iliocostalis - most lateral, or away from the midline of the body
• Longissimus - intermediate, or in-between
• Spinalis - most medial, or closest to the midline of the body

Function

The erector spinae functions to extend and bend the vertebral column and neck. It also plays a role in the lateral flexion of the vertebral column. When the muscles on one side are contracted, the vertebral column is bent to the same side. When both sides are contracted, the vertebral column is extended.

Clinical Significance

Problems with the erector spinae muscles can lead to back pain and other issues. Overuse, strain, or injury to these muscles can cause pain and limit movement. Treatment for problems with the erector spinae typically involves physical therapy, medication, and in some cases, surgery.

See Also

• Vertebral column
• Muscles of the human body
• Back pain

Erector spinae Resources
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