Ethoprophos

Organophosphate pesticide

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Ethoprophos (also known as ethoprop) is an organophosphate pesticide primarily used as a nematicide and insecticide. It is employed in agricultural settings to protect crops from soil-borne pests.

Chemical Properties

Ethoprophos is a colorless to yellow liquid with a faint sulfur-like odor. It is soluble in most organic solvents but has limited solubility in water. The chemical formula of ethoprophos is C₈H₁₉O₂PS₂, and it has a molecular weight of 242.34 g/mol.

Mechanism of Action

Ethoprophos functions by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system in insects. By blocking this enzyme, ethoprophos causes an accumulation of acetylcholine at the synapses, leading to continuous nerve impulse transmission, paralysis, and eventually death of the pest.

Uses

Ethoprophos is used in agriculture to control nematodes, insects, and other soil-borne pests. It is applied to the soil, where it acts on pests that attack the roots of crops such as potatoes, corn, and sugarcane.

Synthesis

The synthesis of ethoprophos involves several chemical reactions. The process begins with the reaction of 2-chloroethanol with sodium sulfide to form 2-mercaptoethanol. This intermediate is then reacted with diethyl phosphorochloridothioate to produce ethoprophos.

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Synthesis step 1

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Synthesis step 2

Environmental Impact

Ethoprophos is known to be toxic to aquatic life and can persist in the environment. It is important to follow proper application guidelines to minimize its impact on non-target organisms and prevent contamination of water bodies.

Safety and Regulation

Due to its toxicity, ethoprophos is classified as a hazardous substance. It is important for users to wear protective clothing and equipment when handling this chemical. Regulatory agencies have established maximum residue limits for ethoprophos in food products to ensure consumer safety.

Related Pages

• Organophosphate
• Nematicide
• Acetylcholinesterase

Ethoprophos product packaging