Etruscan civilization

Etruscan civilization was a civilization of ancient Italy in the area corresponding roughly to Tuscany, western Umbria, northern Lazio, with offshoots also to the north in the Po Valley, in the current Emilia-Romagna, south-eastern Lombardy and southern Veneto, and to the south, in some areas of Campania. As distinguished by its unique language, this civilization endured from before the time of the earliest Etruscan inscriptions (c. 700 BC) until its assimilation into the Roman Republic in the late 4th century BC.

History

The Etruscan civilization is believed to have been important in influencing the development of Roman civilization. It is known to have been a major influence on the Roman Republic, as evidenced by the distinct Etruscan influences in Roman architecture, religion, and other cultural aspects.

Culture

The Etruscan culture was renowned for its rich mineral resources and the very high standard of its metalworking, especially with regard to gold and bronze. In addition, the Etruscans were a significant naval power.

Language

The Etruscan language was the spoken and written language of the Etruscan civilization. The language is attested in inscriptions from about 700 BC to AD 50. The Etruscan language is also believed to have influenced the Latin language, though the exact nature of this influence remains a subject of debate among scholars.

Religion

The Etruscan religion was polytheistic, worshiping a variety of deities, both gods and goddesses. The Etruscan religion heavily influenced the Roman religion, with several Etruscan gods being adopted into the Roman pantheon.

Art

Etruscan art was produced by the Etruscan civilization between the 9th and 2nd centuries BC. The art of the Etruscans has been compared to the early art of the ancient Greeks, with both cultures favoring geometric designs and stylized figures.

Legacy

The legacy of the Etruscan civilization can be seen in many aspects of modern society, particularly in the areas of architecture, art, and religion. The influence of the Etruscans on the culture and development of Rome is particularly notable.