European plaice

European Plaice

The European plaice, scientifically known as Pleuronectes platessa, is a flatfish species that belongs to the family Pleuronectidae. It is commonly found in the coastal waters of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, ranging from the Barents Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.

Description

The European plaice has a distinctive oval-shaped body, with both eyes located on the right side. It can grow up to 50 centimeters in length and weigh around 2 kilograms. The upper side of the fish is usually brownish or greenish in color, while the underside is white. It has a rough skin with small scales and a small mouth with sharp teeth.

Habitat and Distribution

European plaice is primarily found in sandy or muddy seabeds, often in shallow waters up to 200 meters deep. It prefers areas with a moderate current and is commonly seen near estuaries, bays, and coastal zones. This species is widely distributed along the European coasts, from Norway and Iceland in the north to Portugal and the Mediterranean Sea in the south.

Diet and Feeding Habits

The European plaice is a carnivorous fish that feeds on a variety of small marine organisms. Its diet mainly consists of crustaceans, mollusks, worms, and small fish. It uses its well-developed sense of smell and sight to locate its prey, and then ambushes them by burying itself in the sandy or muddy substrate.

Reproduction

European plaice reaches sexual maturity at around 3 to 4 years of age. The spawning season usually occurs during the spring and summer months, with peak activity in May and June. Females release their eggs into the water column, where they are fertilized by the males. The eggs hatch within a week, and the larvae drift in the water until they settle on the seabed.

Conservation Status

The European plaice is not currently listed as a threatened species. However, overfishing and habitat degradation pose significant threats to its population. Various measures, such as fishing quotas and habitat protection, have been implemented to ensure the sustainable management of this species.

See Also

• Flatfish
• Pleuronectidae