Exmoor

Malmsmead Hill, Exmoor - geograph.org.uk - 80944

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Exmoor is a National Park located in the counties of Devon and Somerset in the southwest of England. It is known for its dramatic coastline, moorland landscapes, and rich history, stretching back thousands of years. Exmoor was designated as a National Park in 1954, covering an area of 267 square miles. It is named after the River Exe, the main river that flows through the park.

Geography

Exmoor is characterized by its varied landscape, which includes rugged coastline, high moorland, wooded valleys, and rolling farmland. The highest point on Exmoor is Dunkery Beacon, with an elevation of 519 meters above sea level. The park's coastline along the Bristol Channel is noted for its high cliffs and rocky shores, offering spectacular views and opportunities for outdoor activities.

Biodiversity

The park is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. Its moorland is one of the most important areas in England for the conservation of upland wildlife. Exmoor is renowned for its populations of red deer and the native Exmoor pony, a breed that has lived in the area for centuries. The park's woodlands, rivers, and coastal areas also support a variety of bird species, insects, and aquatic life.

History

Exmoor has a rich history, with evidence of human occupation dating back to the prehistoric period. The landscape is dotted with ancient monuments, including stone circles, burial mounds, and Iron Age hill forts. During the medieval period, the area was a royal forest and hunting ground. In the 19th century, Exmoor became known for its picturesque beauty, inspiring poets and writers such as Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth.

Recreation

Exmoor National Park offers a wide range of recreational activities for visitors. Hiking, horse riding, and cycling are popular, with numerous trails and routes crisscrossing the park. The South West Coast Path, which runs along the park's coastline, is a favorite for long-distance walkers. Exmoor is also a designated Dark Sky Reserve, making it an excellent location for stargazing.

Conservation

The management of Exmoor National Park is focused on conserving its natural beauty, wildlife, and cultural heritage. Efforts are made to maintain the landscape and biodiversity through habitat restoration, sustainable farming practices, and the protection of historic sites. The park authority works closely with local communities, landowners, and conservation organizations to achieve these goals.

See Also

• National Parks of England and Wales
• Conservation in the United Kingdom
• Tourism in England