Fast-moving consumer goods

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Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG), also known as consumer packaged goods (CPG), are products that are sold quickly and at relatively low cost. These goods are characterized by a high turnover rate and are typically purchased frequently by consumers. Examples of FMCG include food and beverages, toiletries, over-the-counter drugs, and other consumables.

Characteristics

FMCG products are generally characterized by:

• Short shelf life: Many FMCG products are perishable and have a limited shelf life.
• High turnover: These products are sold quickly and in large quantities.
• Low cost: FMCG items are usually low-cost products.
• Frequent purchase: Consumers buy these products regularly.

Categories of FMCG

FMCG can be broadly categorized into several types:

• Food and beverages: Includes items such as snacks, dairy products, soft drinks, and alcoholic beverages.
• Personal care products: Includes items such as shampoo, toothpaste, soap, and cosmetics.
• Household products: Includes items such as cleaning agents, detergents, and paper products.
• Over-the-counter drugs: Includes items such as pain relievers, cough syrups, and vitamins.

Distribution Channels

FMCG products are distributed through various channels, including:

• Supermarkets and hypermarkets
• Convenience stores
• Online retail
• Wholesale markets

Marketing and Advertising

Marketing and advertising play a crucial role in the FMCG sector. Companies invest heavily in advertising campaigns, brand promotion, and consumer research to understand consumer preferences and to promote their products effectively.

Major FMCG Companies

Some of the leading FMCG companies globally include:

• Procter & Gamble
• Unilever
• Nestlé
• PepsiCo
• Coca-Cola

Related Pages

• Consumer goods
• Retail
• Supply chain management
• Brand management
• Market research

See Also

• List of largest consumer goods companies
• Economy of scale
• Product lifecycle