Female genital mutilation in New Zealand

Female Genital Mutilation in New Zealand (FGM) is a critical issue that intersects with the fields of health, human rights, and immigration. FGM refers to all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. This practice is recognized internationally as a violation of the human rights of girls and women.

Overview

FGM is practiced in some cultures as a rite of passage into womanhood, for reasons of cultural, religious, and social significance within families and communities. However, it has no health benefits and harms girls and women in many ways. The practice is mostly carried out by traditional circumcisers, who often play other central roles in communities, such as attending childbirths. In some instances, health care providers perform FGM due to the erroneous belief that the procedure is safer when medicalized. FGM is recognized internationally as a violation of the human rights of girls and women.

Prevalence in New Zealand

New Zealand is home to a diverse population, including immigrants from countries where FGM is practiced. This diversity has brought FGM to the attention of New Zealand's health and legal systems. The exact prevalence of FGM in New Zealand is difficult to determine due to the private nature of the practice and the lack of comprehensive studies. However, it is known that women and girls living in New Zealand who have undergone FGM prior to immigration face various health complications and require specific medical and psychological support.

Legal Framework

In New Zealand, FGM is illegal under the Crimes Act 1961, which was amended in 1996 to include provisions specifically prohibiting FGM. The legislation makes it a criminal offense to perform FGM, procure, or arrange for FGM to be performed on a New Zealand citizen or resident, or to take or send any person from New Zealand overseas to have FGM performed. The law applies not only within New Zealand's borders but also seeks to prevent the practice among New Zealand citizens and residents abroad.

Healthcare Response

The New Zealand healthcare system has developed protocols to support women and girls living with FGM. This includes specialized training for healthcare providers to ensure they can offer appropriate care and support. Healthcare professionals are also encouraged to understand the cultural sensitivities involved in addressing FGM while upholding the law and protecting the rights of women and girls.

Community and Advocacy

Various community groups and advocacy organizations in New Zealand work to raise awareness about FGM, support affected women and girls, and promote its abandonment. These organizations often engage in community education, provide support services, and advocate for policy changes to better protect girls and women from this practice.

Challenges and Future Directions

Efforts to combat FGM in New Zealand face several challenges, including cultural sensitivities, underreporting, and the need for targeted education and support services. Moving forward, it is crucial for New Zealand to continue developing culturally sensitive approaches that respect the rights and dignity of affected women and girls, while working towards the elimination of FGM.

Female genital mutilation in New Zealand Resources
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