Fenoterol

Fenoterol

Chemical structure of (RR)- and (SS)-fenoterol

Fenoterol is a bronchodilator used in the management of asthma and other conditions associated with bronchospasm. It is a beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist that works by relaxing the muscles in the airways and increasing airflow to the lungs.

Pharmacology

Fenoterol is a selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist. It binds to these receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, leading to muscle relaxation and bronchodilation. This action helps to relieve symptoms of bronchospasm such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.

Stereochemistry

File:Fenoterol stereoisomers.svg

Stereoisomers of fenoterol

Fenoterol has two chiral centers, resulting in four possible stereoisomers. The (R,R)- and (S,S)-enantiomers are the most relevant in terms of pharmacological activity. The (R,R)-enantiomer is primarily responsible for the bronchodilatory effects, while the (S,S)-enantiomer is less active.

Clinical Use

Fenoterol is commonly used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is often administered via inhalation to provide rapid relief from acute bronchospasm. Fenoterol is available in various formulations, including metered-dose inhalers and nebulizer solutions.

Side Effects

Common side effects of fenoterol include tremor, tachycardia, and nervousness. These effects are generally mild and transient. However, excessive use of fenoterol can lead to more serious cardiovascular effects, such as arrhythmias and hypertension.

History

Fenoterol was developed in the 1960s and has been used clinically since the 1970s. It was marketed under various brand names, including Berotec.

File:Berotec.jpg

A Berotec inhaler containing fenoterol

Related Pages

• Asthma
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Beta-2 adrenergic receptor
• Bronchodilator