Fertilization

Fertilization is a process in sexual reproduction that involves the union of male (sperm) and female (ovum) gametes (each with a single, haploid set of chromosomes) to produce a diploid zygote.

Process of Fertilization

The process of fertilization involves several stages, including the passage of the sperm through the cervix, its journey to the fallopian tube, and the penetration of the ovum. This results in the formation of a zygote, which eventually develops into a new organism.

Passage of Sperm

During sexual intercourse, sperm are ejaculated from the male's body into the female's vagina. From there, they travel up through the cervix and into the uterus.

Journey to the Fallopian Tube

Once in the uterus, the sperm must make their way to the fallopian tube, where the ovum is waiting. This journey is aided by the contractions of the uterus, which help to propel the sperm towards the ovum.

Penetration of the Ovum

The final stage of fertilization involves the penetration of the ovum by the sperm. This is achieved through the release of enzymes from the sperm, which break down the outer layer of the ovum and allow the sperm to enter.

Result of Fertilization

The result of fertilization is the formation of a diploid zygote. This zygote then begins to divide and grow, eventually developing into a new organism.

See Also

• Reproduction
• Sexual reproduction
• Sperm
• Ovum
• Zygote

Fertilization Resources
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