Flageolet

Bird flageolet

Flageolet ébène, argent et nacre

Flageolet is a small, end-blown woodwind instrument, a type of fipple flute, originating in France in the 17th century. It is distinct from the recorder as it typically has four holes on the front and two thumb holes on the back. Unlike other woodwind instruments, the flageolet's sound is produced by blowing into a mouthpiece, which directs the air onto a sharp edge, causing the air within the instrument's body to vibrate. This mechanism is similar to that of the recorder, but the flageolet's unique fingering and construction give it a lighter, more ethereal sound.

History

The flageolet was first mentioned in France around the 16th century. It was developed as a refined instrument for the use of the upper class and quickly became popular in chamber music and as a solo instrument. The French flageolet, in particular, was a favorite of amateur musicians in the 18th and 19th centuries. Its popularity waned with the rise of more modern instruments, but it has seen a resurgence in interest among musicians specializing in historical performance practices and folk music.

Types of Flageolets

There are several types of flageolets, each with its own unique characteristics:

• French Flageolet: The most common type, typically made of wood and having six holes. It was particularly popular in the 17th and 18th centuries.
• English Flageolet: A variation of the French flageolet, developed in England. It often features a unique tuning and sometimes additional keys to extend its range.
• Irish Flageolet: Similar to the tin whistle, the Irish flageolet is made of metal and is an important instrument in traditional Irish music.

Construction and Play

The construction of a flageolet is similar to that of other woodwind instruments. It is usually made of wood, such as boxwood or ebony, and consists of a cylindrical tube with a mouthpiece at one end and an open or closed end at the other. The player produces sound by blowing into the mouthpiece and covering the holes with the fingers to change the pitch.

Playing the flageolet requires a technique similar to that of the recorder, but with some differences due to its unique fingering system. The instrument's light, airy tone makes it suitable for playing baroque and early classical music, as well as folk tunes.

Modern Use

Today, the flageolet is primarily used in historical performance ensembles, folk music groups, and as a solo instrument in a variety of musical genres. Its distinctive sound continues to enchant audiences, and its historical significance makes it a subject of interest for musicologists and instrument collectors.

See Also

• Woodwind instrument
• Recorder (musical instrument)
• Fipple flute
• Chamber music