Flavobacterium gleum

Flavobacterium gleum is a species of bacteria belonging to the genus Flavobacterium. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in various environmental settings, including soil and water. F. gleum is of particular interest in the medical field due to its potential role in human infections, especially in immunocompromised individuals.

Morphology and Physiology

Flavobacterium gleum is characterized by its rod-shaped morphology and its ability to form yellow-pigmented colonies. The cells are typically 0.5-0.7 µm in width and 2-3 µm in length. F. gleum is a non-motile bacterium, lacking flagella, and it does not form spores.

The bacterium is aerobic, requiring oxygen for growth, and it exhibits optimal growth at temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C. F. gleum is capable of metabolizing a variety of organic compounds, which contributes to its ability to thrive in diverse environments.

Genomic Characteristics

The genome of Flavobacterium gleum has been sequenced, revealing insights into its metabolic capabilities and potential virulence factors. The genome size is approximately 3.5 million base pairs, with a G+C content of around 32-35%. The genomic analysis has identified several genes associated with antibiotic resistance, which is a concern in clinical settings.

Pathogenicity

While Flavobacterium gleum is not commonly associated with human disease, it has been isolated from clinical specimens, particularly in patients with compromised immune systems. Infections caused by F. gleum can include bacteremia, pneumonia, and wound infections. The bacterium's ability to form biofilms on medical devices can complicate treatment and lead to persistent infections.

Antibiotic Resistance

Flavobacterium gleum has demonstrated resistance to multiple antibiotics, including beta-lactams and aminoglycosides. This resistance is often mediated by the production of beta-lactamase enzymes and efflux pumps. The presence of resistance genes in its genome highlights the importance of monitoring and managing infections caused by this organism.

Environmental Role

In addition to its clinical significance, Flavobacterium gleum plays a role in the environment as a decomposer. It participates in the breakdown of organic matter, contributing to nutrient cycling in ecosystems. Its ability to degrade complex organic compounds makes it a subject of interest in bioremediation studies.

Laboratory Identification

Flavobacterium gleum can be identified in the laboratory through a combination of phenotypic and genotypic methods. Phenotypic identification involves observing colony morphology, pigmentation, and biochemical tests such as the oxidase and catalase tests. Molecular techniques, including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, provide definitive identification and differentiation from closely related species.

Clinical Management

Management of infections caused by Flavobacterium gleum involves the use of appropriate antibiotics based on susceptibility testing. Due to its resistance profile, treatment options may be limited, and combination therapy may be necessary. Infection control measures are important to prevent the spread of this organism in healthcare settings.

See Also

• Flavobacterium
• Bacteroidota
• Antibiotic resistance

External Links

• [Link to genome database]
• [Link to clinical guidelines]