Fonsecaea compacta

A detailed overview of the fungal species Fonsecaea compacta

Overview

Fonsecaea compacta under a microscope

Fonsecaea compacta is a fungus belonging to the Ascomycota division, known for its role in causing chromoblastomycosis, a chronic cutaneous and subcutaneous mycosis. This species is characterized by its slow growth and compact, darkly pigmented colonies.

Morphology

Fonsecaea compacta exhibits a distinctive morphology when cultured in a laboratory setting. Colonies are typically dark brown to black, with a velvety to woolly texture. Microscopically, the fungus produces conidia in short chains or in clusters, which are often described as "compact" due to their dense arrangement. The conidia are dematiaceous, meaning they are pigmented, which is a common feature among fungi causing chromoblastomycosis.

Pathogenicity

Fonsecaea compacta is one of several species that can cause chromoblastomycosis, a disease characterized by verrucous skin lesions. The infection is typically acquired through traumatic implantation of the fungus into the skin, often in rural or tropical environments. The disease progresses slowly and can lead to significant disfigurement if not treated appropriately.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Fonsecaea compacta infection involves clinical examination of the lesions, followed by laboratory confirmation. Direct microscopy of skin scrapings can reveal the presence of characteristic sclerotic bodies, also known as "copper pennies." Culture of the organism on appropriate media can confirm the diagnosis, with Fonsecaea compacta showing its typical morphological features.

Treatment

Treatment of infections caused by Fonsecaea compacta can be challenging due to the chronic nature of the disease. Antifungal therapy, often with agents such as itraconazole or terbinafine, is the mainstay of treatment. In some cases, surgical excision of lesions may be necessary. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to prevent complications.

Prevention

Preventive measures for chromoblastomycosis include wearing protective clothing to avoid skin trauma, especially in endemic areas. Public health education on the risks of fungal infections and the importance of early treatment can also help reduce the incidence of the disease.

Related pages

• Chromoblastomycosis
• Ascomycota
• Mycosis
• Itraconazole