Founding of Rome

Kapitolinische Wölfin Museum Capitolini

Founding of Rome

The Founding of Rome is a legendary event that marks the beginning of the history of Rome, one of the most influential cities in human history. According to tradition, Rome was founded on April 21, 753 BC, by Romulus, who became its first king. This narrative combines myth, legend, and historical elements, and it has been a subject of fascination and study for centuries.

Mythology and Legend

The most popular version of Rome's founding myth involves the characters of Romulus and Remus, twin brothers who were said to be the sons of Rhea Silvia, a vestal virgin, and Mars, the god of war. Abandoned at birth and left to die, the twins were saved by a she-wolf who nursed them back to health. Eventually, the brothers decided to establish a city but disagreed on its location. The dispute led to Romulus killing Remus and becoming the sole founder of the new city, which he named Rome after himself.

Historical Context

While the story of Romulus and Remus is steeped in myth, it reflects the ancient Romans' understanding of their origins and their connection to the divine. The actual events surrounding the founding of Rome are difficult to ascertain due to the lack of contemporary historical records. Archaeological evidence suggests that the area of Rome was inhabited by early settlers as far back as the 10th century BC, indicating that the city's actual foundation may predate the traditional date of 753 BC.

Significance

The founding of Rome is more than just a legend; it symbolizes the beginning of Roman civilization, which would go on to dominate the Mediterranean world for centuries. The Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire were central to the development of Western political thought, architecture, engineering, and law. The myth of Romulus and Remus has also been a powerful symbol of brotherhood, sacrifice, and the complexities of founding a new society.

Cultural Impact

The story of Rome's founding has been a source of inspiration for artists, writers, and filmmakers throughout history. It has been depicted in numerous works of art, literature, and cinema, reflecting its enduring appeal and significance in Western culture.

Legacy

Today, the founding of Rome is celebrated every year on April 21, known as Rome's Birthday. The event is marked by festivities, reenactments, and ceremonies in the city, drawing visitors from around the world. The myth of Romulus and Remus remains a key part of Rome's identity, symbolizing the city's ancient origins and its lasting impact on world history.