Free diving
| Highest governing body | AIDA International |
|---|---|
| Characteristics | |
| Contact | No |
| Type | Outdoor, Aquatic |
| Equipment | Diving mask, snorkel, fins |
| Venue | Oceans, lakes, pools |
Free diving is a form of underwater diving that relies on the diver's ability to hold their breath until resurfacing rather than using a scuba apparatus. It is also known as breath-hold diving or apnea diving. Free diving is practiced recreationally, competitively, and as a method of fishing or underwater photography.
History[edit | edit source]
The practice of free diving dates back thousands of years, originally as a means of food gathering and pearl diving. Modern free diving has evolved into a competitive sport, with organizations such as AIDA International overseeing competitions and setting standards for safety and record verification.
Disciplines[edit | edit source]
Free diving encompasses several disciplines, each with its own unique challenges and techniques:
- Static Apnea: The diver holds their breath for as long as possible while remaining stationary at the surface of the water.
- Dynamic Apnea: Involves covering the greatest possible distance underwater on a single breath, using fins.
- Constant Weight: The diver descends and ascends using fins or a monofin, without changing their ballast.
- Free Immersion: The diver pulls themselves down and up along a rope without the use of fins.
- Variable Weight: The diver uses a weighted sled for descent and ascends using their own power or a buoyancy device.
- No-Limits: The diver descends with the aid of a weighted sled and ascends via a buoyancy device, typically a balloon.
Physiology[edit | edit source]
Free diving puts unique physiological demands on the body, particularly in terms of breath-holding, pressure adaptation, and oxygen conservation. The mammalian diving reflex is a crucial adaptation in humans that optimizes the body to withstand submerged conditions, reducing oxygen consumption and redirecting blood flow to vital organs.
Safety[edit | edit source]
Despite its beauty and allure, free diving can be extremely dangerous without proper training and precautions. Risks include syncope (blackout), barotrauma, decompression sickness, and drowning. Education on safe practices and adherence to guidelines set by organizations like AIDA International is essential for minimizing risks.
Competitions and Records[edit | edit source]
Competitive free diving has grown in popularity, with divers striving to set new records in various disciplines. Records are meticulously documented and certified by organizations dedicated to the sport.
Cultural Impact[edit | edit source]
Free diving has not only influenced sports but also cinematography and environmental awareness, promoting closer interactions with marine life and advocating for ocean conservation.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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