GSK3B

GSK3B or Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta is a enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSK3B gene. It is a serine/threonine protein kinase that mediates the addition of phosphate molecules onto serine and threonine amino acid residues.

Etymology

The term "GSK3B" is an abbreviation for "Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta". The term "glycogen synthase" refers to the enzyme that creates glycogen, a polysaccharide that is the primary short-term energy storage in animals. "Kinase" is a type of enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from high-energy donor molecules, such as ATP, to specific substrates, a process known as phosphorylation. The "3 beta" indicates that this is one of several isoforms of this enzyme.

Function

GSK3B is involved in energy metabolism, neuronal cell development, and body pattern formation. It phosphorylates a variety of substrates, including glycogen synthase, and is involved in insulin signaling. GSK3B is also implicated in Alzheimer's disease, mood disorders, and cancer.

Clinical significance

Alterations in GSK3B functioning can lead to a range of health issues. Overactivity or underactivity of GSK3B has been linked to Alzheimer's disease, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and certain types of cancer. In Alzheimer's disease, GSK3B is believed to contribute to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques, two of the disease's characteristic features. In mood disorders, GSK3B activity may affect neurotransmitter systems and neural plasticity, influencing symptoms. In cancer, changes in GSK3B activity can affect cell proliferation and survival, potentially contributing to tumor growth and resistance to treatment.

See also

• Glycogen synthase kinase 3
• Glycogen synthase
• Alzheimer's disease
• Bipolar disorder
• Schizophrenia
• Cancer

References

GSK3B Resources
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