Gambier Islands

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Akamaru Island 2.1.2014

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Gambier Islands are a group of reef islands in the southeastern part of the Pacific Ocean. They are part of French Polynesia, an overseas country of the French Republic. The archipelago is known for its secluded location, stunning lagoons, and rich cultural history. The main island, Mangareva, serves as the economic and cultural hub of the Gambier Islands.

Geography

The Gambier Islands are located at the southeastern terminus of the Tuamotu Archipelago, approximately 1,600 kilometers southeast of Tahiti. The group consists of a central, high island surrounded by smaller islands and atolls, including Mangareva, the largest island, which is surrounded by a barrier reef. Other notable islands include Akamaru, Aukena, Taravai, and Temoe. The islands are volcanic in origin, with Mangareva featuring the remnants of ancient calderas.

History

The Gambier Islands have a rich history, marked by the arrival of Polynesians who settled the islands around 500 AD. These early inhabitants developed a complex society, with evidence of significant religious and ceremonial sites. The islands were named after James Gambier, a British admiral, following their sighting by European explorers in the 18th century.

In the 19th century, the Gambier Islands became a focal point for Catholic missionary activity, led by the Picpus Fathers from France. The missionaries played a significant role in the conversion of the local population to Christianity and the introduction of European diseases, which drastically reduced the indigenous population.

Economy

The economy of the Gambier Islands is primarily based on subsistence agriculture, with copra (dried coconut meat), pearl farming, and fishing being the main economic activities. Pearl farming, in particular, has become a significant industry in recent years, with the lagoons of the Gambier Islands providing an ideal environment for the cultivation of black pearls.

Culture

The culture of the Gambier Islands is a blend of traditional Polynesian elements and influences from the French missionaries. The islands are known for their religious monuments, including the Cathedral of St. Michael in Rikitea, which is an impressive structure made from coral and local wood. Traditional crafts, such as carving and weaving, remain important cultural practices.

Environment

The Gambier Islands are home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including several endemic species. The surrounding marine environment is rich in biodiversity, with coral reefs providing habitat for a wide variety of marine life. Conservation efforts are in place to protect this unique ecosystem, with particular focus on sustainable fishing practices and the protection of coral reefs.

See also

• French Polynesia
• Pacific Ocean
• Coral reef
• Pearl farming