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Gasserian Ganglion

The Gasserian Ganglion (also known as the Trigeminal Ganglion or Semilunar Ganglion) is a collection of neuron cell bodies that serves as a relay station for sensory information in the trigeminal nerve. It is named after Swiss anatomist Johann Laurentius Gasser.

Anatomy

The Gasserian Ganglion is located in a cavity of the temporal bone known as the Meckel's cave. It is oval in shape and measures about 2 cm in length. The ganglion is divided into three divisions: the ophthalmic nerve, the maxillary nerve, and the mandibular nerve. These divisions correspond to the three branches of the trigeminal nerve.

Function

The primary function of the Gasserian Ganglion is to transmit sensory information from the face and head to the brain. This includes sensations of touch, temperature, and pain. The ganglion also plays a role in the motor function of the muscles of mastication.

Clinical Significance

Due to its role in transmitting pain signals, the Gasserian Ganglion is often a target for treatment in conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve. Procedures such as a Gasserian Ganglion Block or Gasserian Ganglionectomy may be performed to alleviate severe facial pain.

See Also

• Trigeminal nerve
• Trigeminal neuralgia
• Neuron
• Temporal bone