Gaultheria shallon

Gaultheria shallon RF

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Gaultheria shallon 31974

Salal berries

Gaultheria shallon

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Gaultheria shallon

Gaultheria shallon, commonly known as salal, is a species of shrub in the heath family (Ericaceae). It is native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, ranging from Alaska to California. This evergreen shrub is notable for its leathery leaves and edible berries.

Description

Gaultheria shallon is an evergreen shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.2 to 5 meters. The leaves are dark green, leathery, and oval-shaped, measuring 5 to 10 cm in length. The plant produces small, white to pink, bell-shaped flowers in late spring to early summer. The fruit is a dark purple to black berry, about 6 to 10 mm in diameter, which ripens in late summer.

Habitat

Gaultheria shallon thrives in a variety of habitats, including coastal forests, woodlands, and moist areas. It is commonly found in the understory of coniferous forests and is well-adapted to the moist, temperate climate of the Pacific Northwest.

Uses

The berries of Gaultheria shallon are edible and have been traditionally used by indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest. They can be eaten fresh or dried and are often used in jams, jellies, and baked goods. The leaves have also been used medicinally and as a flavoring agent.

Cultivation

Gaultheria shallon is cultivated for its ornamental value and its edible berries. It prefers well-drained, acidic soils and partial to full shade. The plant is relatively low-maintenance and can be propagated by seed or cuttings.

Ecological Importance

Gaultheria shallon plays a significant role in its native ecosystem. It provides food and habitat for various wildlife species, including birds and mammals. The dense foliage offers cover and nesting sites, while the berries are a food source for many animals.

Related Pages

• Ericaceae
• Pacific Northwest
• Evergreen shrub
• Edible berries
• Coniferous forest