Gene mapping

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

(Redirected from Genome map)

Gene mapping, often referred to as genome mapping, is the scientific process of creating a genetic map that assigns specific DNA fragments to their corresponding chromosomes.

Introduction[edit | edit source]

When researchers embark on the exploration of a new genome, they start with no existing map. As science progresses and more knowledge about the genome is acquired, this map becomes increasingly refined. The ultimate goal of gene mapping is to achieve a complete understanding and representation of the genome, which is realized when the genomic DNA sequencing of a species is finished.

DNA Fragment Identification[edit | edit source]

During the gene mapping process, and particularly when investigating variances between strains, DNA fragments are labeled using distinctive tags. These tags can be:

  • Genetic markers: Often identified by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) products.
  • Unique enzyme-cut patterns: These are patterns unique to the sequence-dependent manner in which DNA is cut by enzymes.

The sequential organization of these fragments is derived either from genetic observations, particularly for genetic markers using recombinant frequency, or through a computational analysis of the fingerprinting data.

Types of Mapping[edit | edit source]

The term "mapping" can be understood in two interconnected contexts, leading to the distinction of two primary methods of gene mapping:

  • Genetic Mapping: This approach harnesses classic genetic methodologies, such as pedigree analysis or breeding experiments, to determine the sequence characteristics within a genome.
  • Physical Mapping: This modern method uses advanced molecular biology techniques to achieve a similar goal as genetic mapping.

Importance of Gene Mapping[edit | edit source]

Gene mapping has proved invaluable in the field of genetics. It offers insights into:

  • The location of genes within a chromosome.
  • Genetic diseases and potential predispositions.
  • Potential pathways to gene therapy and personalized medicine.
  • Evolutionary relationships and lineage.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

As a foundational process in genetics, gene mapping continues to evolve with advancements in technology. The data derived from gene mapping efforts, both genetic and physical, offer critical insights into understanding the complex interplay of genes, laying the groundwork for future medical and scientific breakthroughs.

See also[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

  • "Genetic Mapping Fact Sheet". Bethesda, MD: National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health. Retrieved 2013-09-06.
Gene mapping Resources
Wikipedia
WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD