Geography of Northern Cyprus

Geography of Northern Cyprus

Northern Cyprus, officially known as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), is a self-declared state that comprises the northeastern portion of the island of Cyprus. It is recognized only by Turkey and is considered by the international community to be part of the Republic of Cyprus. The geography of Northern Cyprus is diverse, featuring a range of landscapes from mountains to plains and coastlines.

Topography

The topography of Northern Cyprus is dominated by two main mountain ranges and a central plain:

Kyrenia Mountains

The Kyrenia Mountains, also known as the Girne Mountains, run parallel to the northern coast of Cyprus. This range is characterized by steep, rugged terrain and is composed primarily of limestone. The highest peak in the Kyrenia Mountains is Mount Selvili, which reaches an elevation of 1,024 meters (3,360 feet).

Mesaoria Plain

The Mesaoria Plain is a broad, flat expanse that lies between the Kyrenia Mountains to the north and the Troodos Mountains to the south. This fertile plain is the agricultural heartland of Northern Cyprus, supporting the cultivation of cereals, olives, and citrus fruits.

Karpas Peninsula

The Karpas Peninsula, also known as the Karpaz Peninsula, extends to the northeast of the island and is known for its unspoiled natural beauty. The peninsula is characterized by rolling hills, sandy beaches, and a rich variety of flora and fauna.

Climate

Northern Cyprus has a Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The coastal areas experience milder temperatures, while the interior can be more extreme. Average summer temperatures range from 30°C to 36°C (86°F to 97°F), while winter temperatures range from 5°C to 15°C (41°F to 59°F).

Hydrology

Water resources in Northern Cyprus are limited, with most of the water supply coming from underground aquifers and a few small rivers. The Kanlı Dere and Pedieos River are among the notable rivers, although they are often dry during the summer months.

Flora and Fauna

Northern Cyprus is home to a diverse range of plant and animal species. The region's flora includes olive trees, carob trees, and various types of shrubs and wildflowers. The fauna includes species such as the Cyprus mouflon, foxes, and a variety of bird species, including migratory birds that use the island as a stopover.

Environmental Issues

Northern Cyprus faces several environmental challenges, including water scarcity, deforestation, and habitat loss. Efforts are being made to address these issues through conservation projects and sustainable development initiatives.

See Also

• Cyprus
• History of Northern Cyprus
• Politics of Northern Cyprus

References

• "Geography of Cyprus." Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved from [1]
• "Climate of Cyprus." World Weather Online. Retrieved from [2]