Giant buttercup

Gastrointestinal tract (also known as the GI tract, digestive tract, digestive system, or gut) is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.

Anatomy

The GI tract includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, with the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder contributing to digestion. The tract may also be divided into foregut, midgut, and hindgut, reflecting the embryological origin of each segment.

Function

The GI tract performs the process of digestion and absorption of dietary nutrients, the balance of electrolyte and water, and the excretion of waste products. This involves the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food, the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream, and the elimination of indigestible substances and waste products.

Disorders

There are many diseases and conditions that can affect the GI tract, including gastroenteritis, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, and colorectal cancer. These can cause a range of symptoms, from mild discomfort to serious, life-threatening conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for GI tract disorders can range from dietary changes and medication to surgery. The specific treatment depends on the nature and severity of the condition.

See also

• Digestion
• Human digestive system
• Gastroenterology