Gibberellic acid
Plant hormone
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Gibberellic acid (GA) is a plant hormone that belongs to the gibberellin family. It is a naturally occurring phytohormone that plays a crucial role in various developmental processes in plants, including seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion, and flowering.
Biological Function[edit | edit source]
Gibberellic acid is involved in the regulation of plant growth and development. It promotes cell elongation and division, leading to increased plant height. GA is also essential for the mobilization of nutrients during seed germination, facilitating the growth of the embryo.
Applications[edit | edit source]
Gibberellic acid is widely used in agriculture and horticulture to enhance plant growth and increase crop yields. It is applied to seedless grapes to increase berry size and to citrus fruits to delay senescence. GA is also used to break dormancy in seeds and tubers.
Synthesis and Production[edit | edit source]
Gibberellic acid is produced by fungi such as Gibberella fujikuroi. It can be synthesized through fermentation processes using these fungi. The production of GA involves the conversion of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to kaurene, which is then oxidized to form gibberellic acid.
Safety and Environmental Impact[edit | edit source]
Gibberellic acid is considered safe for use in agriculture when applied according to recommended guidelines. It is biodegradable and does not accumulate in the environment. However, excessive use can lead to undesirable effects such as excessive growth and lodging in crops.
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