Giemsa stain
(Redirected from Giemsa)
Giemsa Stain[edit | edit source]
Overview[edit | edit source]
Giemsa Stain is a widely used microscopic staining technique. It employs a mixture known as Giemsa, composed of Ethylene Blue and Eosin, which forms purplish-black crystals upon drying. This stain is primarily used in cytogenetics and for the identification of certain microbes.
Composition and Properties[edit | edit source]
Giemsa stain is a combination of methylene azure, methylene blue, and eosin. When applied to a sample, it binds preferentially to the phosphate groups of DNA, especially in regions rich in adenine-thymine (AT) base pairs.
Applications[edit | edit source]
Chromosomal Staining and G Banding[edit | edit source]
- Giemsa stain is instrumental in karyotyping and identifying chromosomal abnormalities.
- It aggregates in areas with increased AT binding, facilitating G banding analysis, which reveals characteristic patterns on chromosomes.
Microbial Identification[edit | edit source]
- In microbiology, Giemsa is used as a differential stain to distinguish microbial cells from human cells.
- It is particularly effective in diagnosing infections such as malaria, caused by the Plasmodium species, and identifying spirochetes and protozoal pathogens.
Technique[edit | edit source]
- Preparation and Application ###
- The staining process involves preparing a Giemsa solution and applying it to thinly spread samples on a slide.
- The sample is typically left to interact with the stain for a specified duration before rinsing.
- Observation ###
- Post-staining, the slides are examined under a microscope.
- Specific staining patterns help in identifying cellular structures, chromosomes, and microbial organisms.
Advantages[edit | edit source]
- Giemsa stain provides high contrast and specificity, making it valuable for detailed cellular and chromosomal analysis.
Limitations[edit | edit source]
- It requires precise technique and timing for effective results.
- Interpretation of staining patterns necessitates expertise in cytogenetics or microbiology.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
External Links[edit | edit source]
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Resources[edit source]
Latest articles - Giemsa stain
Source: Data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Since the data might have changed, please query MeSH on Giemsa stain for any updates.
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