Glycerine
Glycerine
Glycerine, also known as glycerol, is a simple polyol compound. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. The glycerine backbone is central to all lipids known as triglycerides. It is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations.
Chemical Structure and Properties[edit | edit source]
Glycerine is a trihydroxy sugar alcohol with the chemical formula C₃H₈O₃. It has three hydroxyl (OH) groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature. The molecular structure of glycerine can be represented as:
\[ \text{HO-CH}_2\text{-CH(OH)-CH}_2\text{-OH} \]
Glycerine is a byproduct of the soap-making process and is also produced synthetically. It is a versatile compound used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food.
Uses in Medicine[edit | edit source]
Glycerine is used in the medical field for its lubricating and moisturizing properties. It is a common ingredient in cough syrups, expectorants, and elixirs. Glycerine is also used as a laxative when administered rectally in the form of suppositories.
In dermatology, glycerine is used as a humectant in skin care products to maintain moisture levels in the skin. It is also used in the treatment of dry skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis.
Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]
When ingested, glycerine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and metabolized in the liver. It is converted into glucose or glycogen and can be used as an energy source by the body. Glycerine is excreted in the urine.
Safety and Toxicity[edit | edit source]
Glycerine is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. It is non-toxic and non-irritating when used topically or ingested in small amounts.
Industrial Applications[edit | edit source]
Beyond its medical uses, glycerine is used in the production of nitroglycerin, a key component of explosives and propellants. It is also used as a plasticizer, antifreeze, and in the manufacture of resins and plastics.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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